A campervan water system is designed to provide water for various uses such as drinking, cooking, cleaning, and showering while on the road. Here’s an overview of how a system works, maintenance, cost and benefits.
Components of a campervan water system
1. Fresh Water Tank:
Purpose: Stores clean, potable water.
Capacity: Varies depending on the size of the campervan, typically ranging from 10 to 100 litres or more.
2. Water Pump:
Purpose: Moves water from the freshwater tank to the faucets and showerheads.
Types:
Manual Pump: Requires manual operation, often used in simpler setups.
Electric Pump: Automatically pumps water when a tap is opened, providing consistent water pressure.
3. Water Heater:
Purpose: Heats water for showers and hot water needs.
Types:
Gas Heaters: Use propane or butane.
Electric Heaters: Use shore power or battery power.
Heat Exchanger: Uses engine heat to warm water.
4. Faucets and Showerheads:
Purpose: Deliver water where needed, typically installed in the kitchen sink, bathroom sink, and shower area.
5. Grey Water Tank
Purpose: Collects wastewater from sinks and showers.
Capacity: Usually smaller than the fresh water tank, ensuring users empty it regularly.
Plumbing and Hoses:
Purpose: Transport water between the tanks, pump, heater, and faucets.
How it works
1. Filling the fresh water tank
The freshwater tank is filled through an external fill point, usually accessible from the outside of the campervan.
2. Water pump activation
When a faucet or showerhead is turned on, the electric water pump is activated (if applicable), drawing water from the freshwater tank.
3. Water distribution
Water travels through the plumbing system to the faucet or showerhead. If hot water is needed, it first passes through the water heater.
4. Water use
Water is used for drinking, cooking, cleaning, and showering.
5. Wastewater collection
Used water (grey water) flows into the grey water tank.
6. Emptying the grey water tank:
The grey water tank is emptied at designated dump stations, ensuring the wastewater is disposed of properly.
Additional features
- Water Filtration Systems: Ensure the water is safe to drink.
- Water Level Indicators: Show the levels of fresh and grey water tanks.
- Winterisation Systems: Prevent water system components from freezing in cold weather.
Maintenance
- Regular Cleaning: Clean the fresh water tank and grey water tank to prevent buildup and odours.
- Pump Maintenance: Ensure the water pump is functioning correctly and replace any worn parts.
- Check for Leaks: Regularly inspect plumbing connections and hoses for leaks.
Understanding and maintaining a campervan water system ensures a reliable and enjoyable travel experience.
Basic, intermediate and advanced systems
Campervan water systems can be classified based on complexity, source of power, and specific uses. Here are the main types and classifications:
Basic Systems
Manual pump systems:
– Utilises a hand or foot pump to draw water from the tank.
– Typically found in smaller campervans or simpler setups.
Gravity-fed systems:
– Uses gravity to feed water from an elevated tank.
– Simple and requires no pump or electricity.
Intermediate systems
Electric Pump Systems:
– Uses an electric pump to provide pressurised water.
– More convenient, providing consistent water pressure at the tap.
– Common in mid-range campervans.
Advanced systems
Integrated Systems:
– Includes electric pumps, water heaters, filtration units, and multiple tanks.
– Provides hot and cold water on demand.
– Includes digital control panels and water level monitors.
What is the cost of a campervan water system?
The cost of a campervan water system in the UK can vary similarly to global prices, depending on the complexity and components of the system. Here’s a detailed overview of potential costs in the UK:
Basic systems
Manual pump system:
- Components: Manual pump, fresh water tank, simple plumbing.
- Cost: £40-£150.
- Installation: Typically DIY, minimal cost if self-installed.
Intermediate systems
Electric pump system:
- Components: Electric pump, fresh water tank, grey water tank, basic plumbing.
- Cost: £150-£500.
- Installation: Can be DIY or professionally installed, £80-£250 for professional installation.
Advanced systems
Integrated systems:
- Components: Electric pump, fresh water tank, grey water tank, water heater, filtration system, digital control panel.
- Cost: £500-£2,000+.
- Installation: Often requires professional installation, £200-£800 depending on complexity.
Detailed component costs
Fresh water tanks
- Basic tank (10-50 litres): £15-£80.
- Larger or custom tanks (50-100+ litres): £80-£250.
Water pumps
- Manual pumps: £15-£50.
- Electric pumps: £40-£150.
Water heaters
- Portable gas heaters: £80-£200.
- Fixed gas heaters: £250-£700.
- Electric heaters: £80-£400.
- Heat exchanger systems: £250-£800.
Filtration systems
- Basic filters: £15-£80.
- Advanced purification systems: £80-£400.
Plumbing and fittings
- Basic plumbing kits: £40-£120.
- Advanced plumbing components: £100-£300.
Examples of full system costs
Basic manual pump system:
- Fresh Water Tank (25 litres): £30
- Manual Pump: £20
- Basic Plumbing Kit: £40
- Total: £90
Intermediate electric pump system:
- Fresh water tank (50 litres): £60
- Electric pump: £100
- Grey water tank (25 litres): £40
- Basic plumbing kit: £70
- Total: £270
Advanced integrated system:
- Fresh water tank (100 litres): £150
- Electric pump: £150
- Grey water tank (50 litres): £80
- Gas water heater: £400
- Filtration system: £200
- Advanced plumbing components: £200
- Total: £1,180
Additional costs
- Professional installation: £200-£800, depending on system complexity and location.
- Maintenance and upkeep: Varies, but budget for annual checks and potential part replacements.
These costs are approximate and can vary based on specific brands, quality of components, and whether items are purchased new or used. For a precise estimate, it’s advisable to get quotes from suppliers and installers in your area.
Factors to consider before you buy your campervan water system
When buying a campervan water system, several factors need to be considered to ensure it meets your needs and fits your vehicle’s specifications. Here’s a detailed list of factors to consider:
Purpose and usage
- Frequency of use: Consider how often you’ll use the water system (e.g., full-time living vs. occasional trips).
- Number of users: More users will require a larger water capacity and a more robust system.
- Types of uses: Determine if you need the system for just drinking water, cooking, cleaning, and/or showering.
Water capacity
- Fresh water tank size: Match the tank size to your usage needs. A larger tank is better for extended trips without access to refill stations.
- Grey water tank size: Ensure the grey water tank capacity aligns with the fresh water tank to avoid frequent emptying.
Power source
- Manual vs. electric: Decide if you want a manual pump (no power needed) or an electric pump (requires power from the van’s battery or a solar setup).
- Power consumption: Consider the power draw of electric pumps and heaters, especially if relying on battery power or solar panels.
Water heating
- Hot water requirement: Determine if you need hot water for showers or cleaning.
- Heating method: Choose between gas heaters, electric heaters, or heat exchangers, considering availability and cost of fuel/power.
System complexity
- Basic vs. advanced: Basic systems are simpler and easier to install, while advanced systems offer more features like hot water and filtration but are more complex.
- DIY vs. professional installation: Consider your skills and willingness to install the system yourself or if you need professional help.
Budget
- Initial cost: Set a budget for the purchase and installation of the system.
- Ongoing costs: Factor in maintenance, parts replacement, and operational costs (e.g., fuel for heaters, and filters).
Space and layout
- Available space: Ensure there is enough space in your campervan for the tanks, pumps, and plumbing.
- Weight distribution: Consider the weight of the water system and how it affects your van’s balance and weight limits.
Water quality and filtration
- Water filtration needs: Decide if you need a filtration system for drinking water safety.
- Type of filter: Choose between basic filters for sediment removal or advanced filters for bacteria and chemicals.
Ease of use and maintenance
- User-friendly: Look for systems that are easy to operate, with accessible controls and clear instructions.
- Maintenance requirements: Consider how easy it is to clean and maintain the system, including access to parts and serviceability.
Regulations and environmental considerations
- Local regulations: Ensure the system complies with local regulations regarding water usage and disposal.
- Environmental impact: Consider systems that minimise water waste and are environmentally friendly.
Flexibility and scalability
- Expandability: Choose a system that can be expanded or upgraded if your needs change.
- Portability: For smaller campervans, consider portable systems that can be easily removed or relocated.
Brand and reviews
- Reputation: Research reputable brands and read reviews from other campervan users.
- Warranty and support: Consider systems that come with a warranty and good customer support.
By carefully evaluating these factors, you can choose a campervan water system that best suits your needs and ensures a comfortable and convenient travel experience.
What problems can campervan water systems encounter?
Campervan water systems can face a variety of problems, which can range from minor inconveniences to significant issues that might affect your travel experience. Here are some common problems and potential solutions:
Leaks
- Symptoms: Water dripping from connections, tanks, or plumbing.
- Causes: Loose fittings, cracked pipes, or damaged seals.
- Solutions: Regularly inspect and tighten fittings, replace damaged seals, and use high-quality plumbing materials.
Pump issues
- Symptoms: No water flow, inconsistent pressure, strange noises from the pump.
- Causes: Airlocks, electrical issues, worn-out pump parts.
- Solutions: Prime the pump to remove airlocks, check electrical connections, and replace faulty pump components.
Water contamination
Symptoms: Bad taste or smell, visible particles in the water.
Causes: Dirty tanks, contaminated water source, faulty filtration system.
Solutions: Regularly clean and sanitise tanks, use a reliable water source, and replace or clean filters as needed.
Low water pressure
- Symptoms: Weak water flow from faucets or showerheads.
- Causes: Clogged filters, partially closed valves, faulty pump.
- Solutions: Clean or replace filters, check and fully open valves, and ensure the pump is functioning correctly.
Frozen pipes and tanks
- Symptoms: No water flow in cold weather, visible ice in pipes or tanks.
- Causes: Exposure to freezing temperatures.
- Solutions: Insulate pipes and tanks, use tank heaters or antifreeze solutions designed for potable water systems, and avoid travelling in extremely cold conditions.
Airlocks
- Symptoms: Water sputtering or inconsistent flow.
- Causes: Air trapped in the water lines.
- Solutions: Bleed the system by opening all faucets until the water flows smoothly, and install an air release valve if persistent.
Faulty water heater
- Symptoms: No hot water, inconsistent water temperature.
- Causes: Pilot light issues (gas heater), electrical problems (electric heater), faulty thermostat.
- Solutions: Check and relight the pilot light, inspect and repair electrical connections, and replace the thermostat if necessary.
Overflowing tanks
- Symptoms: Water spilling from tanks, water pooling around the campervan.
- Causes: Overfilling, blocked or faulty overflow outlets.
- Solutions: Monitor tank levels while filling, ensure overflow outlets are clear and functioning, and install an overflow alarm.
Grey water tank odours
- Symptoms: Unpleasant smells from sinks or shower drains.
- Causes: Buildup of food particles, soap scum, and bacteria in the grey water tank.
- Solutions: Regularly empty and clean the grey water tank, use tank treatments to break down waste and control odours.
Electrical issues
- Symptoms: Water pump or heater not functioning.
- Causes: Blown fuses, faulty wiring, depleted batteries.
- Solutions: Check and replace fuses, inspect and repair wiring, and ensure batteries are charged and in good condition.
Water stagnation
- Symptoms: Stale or musty water taste.
- Causes: Water sitting in the tank for extended periods.
- Solutions: Regularly use and replace water, drain and clean the tank if the campervan is not in use for a while.
Incorrect water level readings
- Symptoms: Inaccurate water level display on control panels.
- Causes: Faulty sensors, dirty or corroded sensor contacts.
- Solutions: Clean sensor contacts, replace faulty sensors, and ensure proper installation and maintenance of the monitoring system.
Prevention and maintenance tips
- Regular inspections: Check all components regularly for signs of wear and damage.
- Proper winterisation: Drain and insulate the system before winter to prevent freezing.
- Use quality components: Invest in high-quality parts to reduce the risk of failures.
- Keep spares: Carry spare parts like fuses, seals, and connectors for quick repairs on the road.
By staying aware of these potential problems and maintaining your campervan water system properly, you can minimise disruptions and enjoy a smoother travel experience.
What are the benefits of installing a campervan water system?
Installing a campervan water system offers numerous benefits, enhancing the convenience, comfort, and overall experience of travelling in a campervan. Here are some key advantages:
Convenience
- On-demand water supply: Provides immediate access to fresh water for drinking, cooking, cleaning, and personal hygiene without relying on external sources.
- Self-sufficiency: Enables longer stays in remote areas or off-grid locations without the need to frequently seek out water sources.
Comfort
- Hot water availability: Allows for warm showers and hot water for washing dishes, improving comfort, especially in cold weather.
- Consistent water pressure: An electric pump system ensures a steady flow of water, making daily tasks easier and more efficient.
Health and hygiene
- Clean drinking water: With a proper filtration system, you can ensure that the water you consume is safe and clean, reducing the risk of waterborne illnesses.
- Improved hygiene: Regular access to water for washing hands, showering, and cleaning helps maintain personal hygiene and prevent the spread of germs.
Flexibility and freedom
- Remote travel: Allows for more freedom to explore off-the-beaten-path destinations without worrying about water supply.
- Extended trips: Supports longer trips without the need to constantly plan around water refill stations.
Cost savings
- Reduced accommodation costs: Enables boondocking or staying in free or low-cost campsites without facilities, reducing overall travel expenses.
- Savings on bottled water: Eliminates the need to purchase bottled water, which is both cost-effective and environmentally friendly.
Environmental benefits
- Reduced plastic waste: By using a built-in water system, you minimise the use of single-use plastic bottles, contributing to environmental conservation.
- Efficient water use: Grey water systems allow for responsible disposal and potential reuse of water, promoting sustainable practices.
Increased resale value
- Attractive feature: A well-installed and maintained water system can increase the resale value of your campervan, making it more appealing to potential buyers.
Enhanced living experience
- Comfortable living space: Running water transforms your campervan into a more livable and comfortable space, closer to the comforts of home.
- Versatility: Supports various activities, from cooking elaborate meals to washing outdoor gear, enhancing the overall travel experience.
Customisation and personalisation
- Tailored to your needs: You can design a water system that specifically meets your needs and preferences, whether it’s a basic setup or a more advanced system with hot water and filtration.
- Adaptability: Systems can be expanded or modified over time as your needs change or as you upgrade your campervan.
Safety and preparedness
- Emergencies: Having a reliable water source on board is crucial in emergencies, such as vehicle breakdowns in remote areas or natural disasters.
- Reliable water source: Ensures that you always have access to water, even when public or campsite facilities are unavailable.
By installing a campervan water system, you significantly enhance the functionality and enjoyment of your mobile living space, making your travels more convenient, comfortable, and independent.
Should I hire a professional to install my system?
Deciding whether to hire a professional to install your campervan water system depends on several factors, including your skill level, the complexity of the system, and your comfort with DIY projects. Here are some considerations to help you make the decision:
When to consider professional installation
1. Complexity of the system
If you opt for a more advanced system that includes multiple components (e.g., pumps, heaters, filtration systems), professional installation can ensure everything is set up correctly and functions well.
2. Lack of experience
Hiring a professional can save you from making costly mistakes if you have little to no experience with plumbing, electrical work, or campervan modifications.
3. Time constraints
If you have limited time to dedicate to the project, a professional can complete the installation more quickly, allowing you to start using your campervan sooner.
4. Safety concerns
Water systems often involve electrical components and pressurised water. If you’re unsure about your ability to handle these safely, it’s best to seek professional help.
5. Warranty and insurance
Some systems may require professional installation to maintain warranties. Additionally, professional work can help ensure compliance with safety regulations, which may be important for insurance purposes.
When you might DIY
1. Simplicity of the system
If you’re installing a basic manual pump system or a simple water container setup, DIY installation can be straightforward and rewarding.
2. Hands-on experience
If you have some experience with plumbing or are comfortable learning new skills, a DIY installation can save you money and give you a sense of accomplishment.
3. Cost savings
Doing it yourself can significantly reduce costs associated with labour. You only pay for the materials needed.
4. Customisation
DIY installations allow for more flexibility to customise the setup to your specific needs and preferences.
5. Learning opportunity
If you’re interested in learning about campervan systems, a DIY project can be a valuable experience, helping you gain skills that could be useful for future modifications or repairs.
Tips for making the decision
- Research the system: Understand the installation requirements and complexity of the water system you plan to use.
- Consult professionals: If in doubt, consult with a professional for an estimate and their opinion on the complexity of the installation.
- Assess your skills: Be honest about your DIY skills and comfort level with plumbing and electrical systems.
- Read manuals and guides: Look for installation manuals, online tutorials, or community forums to gauge what’s involved in the installation process.
- Consider future maintenance: If you encounter issues later, a professionally installed system might be easier to maintain and troubleshoot.
If you feel confident in your skills and the project’s complexity is manageable, you may choose to install the system yourself. However, if the installation involves complicated components, or if you lack experience, hiring a professional is often the best way to ensure a safe and effective installation.
